雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割和PRP联合小梁切除术治疗NVG的疗效

目的：观察雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割+全视网膜光凝(PRP)+小梁切除术治疗新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析2017-03/2018-10收治的NVG患者44例44眼,采用玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗+玻璃体切割+PRP+小梁切除手术治疗的患者22例22眼(A组),采用玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗+小梁切除+PRP治疗的患者22例22眼(B组)。术后随访6mo,观察患者视力、眼压、眼压控制率、新生血管及并发症等情况。

结果：治疗前两组患者眼压无差异(46.2±9.41mmHg vs 49.1±10.15mmHg,P>0.05),治疗后1wk,1、6mo A组患者眼压均低于B组(P<0.05)。治疗后6mo,A组视力、眼压控制率(95%)、新生血管消退情况(91%)均优于B组(P<0.05),但随访期间两组患者并发症发生率无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：雷珠单抗辅助玻璃体切割+PRP+小梁切除术治疗NVG安全有效,可稳定持久地控制眼压,改善部分患者视力。     

Regulation of opticin on bioactivity of retinal vascular endothelial cells cultured in collagen

AIM: To investigate the effects of collagen and opticin on the bioactivity of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (hRVECs), and explore its regulations by integrins and RhoA/ROCK1 signal pathway. METHODS: hRVECs were cultured in collagen and treated by opticin, and cell-based bioactivity assays of cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion were performed. The expression of integrin α2, integrin β1, RhoA and ROCK1 were examined with real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Collagen could promote cell viability of proliferation and migration (all P<0.05), and enhance the mRNA expression of integrin α2, integrin β1, RhoA and ROCK1 (all P<0.05). Opticin could inhibit proliferation and migration ability of hRVECs cultured in collagen, and reduce the mRNA expression of integrin α2, integrin β1, RhoA and ROCK1 (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Collagen and opticin can affect bioactivity of hRVECs, which may be regulated by α2-, β1-integrins and RhoA/ROCK1 signal pathway.     

10例新发难治性癫持续状态患者的临床分析

目的总结并分析新发难治性癫持续状态(NORSE)的临床特点及预后。方法采用回顾性研究分析2011至2013年收治的10例NORSE患者的临床资料,并对其预后进行随访,平均随访时间1.5年。结果 9例患者发热后出现难治性癫持续状态(RSE)。急性期癫发作以部分发作为首发表现8例,继发全面性发作6例。急性期头颅MRI未见异常4例,颅内囊肿2例,余4例提示颅内信号异常。所有患者均接受正规抗癫药物治疗(3~9种),其中使用大剂量苯巴比妥4例、咪达唑仑7例、激素5例、静脉注射免疫球蛋白5例、生酮饮食治疗3例。随访期内仅1例应用3种抗癫药物14个月后无明确临床发作,7例仍有临床发作;1例处于植物状态,1例死亡。格拉斯哥预后评分5分1例,4分6例,3分1例,2分1例,1分1例。结论 NORSE是一组病因不明易发展为RSE的疾病,多种治疗常无效,预后多不良并遗留认知行为障碍。     

糖基化终末产物在青光眼中的研究进展

糖基化终末产物(AGEs)体内多种组织中累积,通过调节相关因子表达及激活信号通路等诱发一系列生物学反应,引起年龄相关性疾病及神经退行性病变,如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、动脉粥样硬化。青光眼是一种视神经退行性病变,最终导致不可逆的视野缺失,是全球仅次于白内障导致视力丧失的主要原因。青光眼患者视网膜等眼组织中过多AGEs累积,通过激活信号通路、引发生物反应,对组织、细胞的结构及功能造成损伤,参与青光眼发生发展的病理过程。本文主要阐述AGEs在青光眼发病机制、治疗、筛查等相关研究中的最新进展,为青光眼的防治提供新的思路和研究方法。     

康柏西普联合EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入对NVG患者视力及并发症的影响

目的：探讨玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入对新生血管性青光眼(NVG)患者视力及并发症的影响。

方法：选取2016-02/2018-10我院眼科收治的NVG患者128例,依据患者的治疗方法分为EX-PRESS组(n=66)和小梁切除术组(n=62),两组患者接受玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗,EX-PRESS组患者加行EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术治疗,小梁切除术组患者则加行小梁切除术治疗。比较两组手术疗效及术后眼压变化、视力改善情况及并发症发生情况。

结果：术后12mo时,EX-PRESS组、小梁切除术组手术治疗总成功率分别为81.8%(54/66)、72.6%(45/62)(P>0.05); 术后1、7d,1、3、6、12mo,两组患者眼压均显著低于术前(P<0.05),但两组患者眼压无差异(P>0.05); 术后6mo,EX-PRESS组患者视力改善情况显著优于小梁切除术组患者(P<0.05); EX-PRESS组、小梁切除术组术后并发症总发生率分别为27.3%(18/66)、37.1%(23/62)(P>0.05)。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术与联合小梁切除术治疗NVG的有效性、安全性相似,而前者在改善视力方面更具优势。     

赖氨酰氧化酶在眼部疾病的研究进展

赖氨酰氧化酶(LOX)是细胞外具有铜结合部位的氨基氧化酶,大量研究已经证实LOX可能参与许多疾病的病理发生过程。目前LOX导致疾病发展的常见变异的潜在机制仍然未知,但潜在的作用可能在于通过组织特异性的可变剪接或表达调控来影响LOX的生物学活性。但无论是在正常或病理情况下,关于眼组织中LOX的信息很少。近年有相关研究发现LOX可能参与许多眼部疾病的发生和发展,现就以近年来LOX参与的眼部疾病的研究进展做一综述。     

Long-term effects of pattern scan laser pan-retinal photocoagulation on diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients: a retrospective study

AIM: To compare efficacy of coaxial microincisions (1.8 mm, 2.2 mm) and small incisions (3.0 mm) on phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) with cataract. METHODS: Ninety-six patients (96 eyes) with PACG and cataract were recruited and randomly divided into three groups between January 2015 and June 2017. Group A (3.0 mm incision), B (2.2 mm incision), and C (1.8 mm incision) comprised 30, 34 and 32 eyes respectively. All cases were treated with clear corneal incision phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy. Data including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal astigmatism, corneal endothelial cell counts (CECC), intraocular pressure (IOP), and complications were collected before the operation, and at postoperative 1d, 1 and 3mo. RESULTS: All the patients were successfully treated with surgery. The BCVA of groups B and C were significantly improved as compared to group A at postoperative 1d, 1 and 3mo (all P<0.05), but there was no difference between groups B and C at each time interval (all P>0.05). The corneal astigmatism of group A was statistically higher than that of group B (P=0.026); corneal astigmatism of group B was statistically higher than that of group C at postoperative 1d (P=0.006). The corneal astigmatism of group A at postoperative 3mo was significantly higher than that before operation (P=0.003). At postoperative 1 and 3mo, corneal astigmatism of groups B and C were significantly lower than that of group A (all P<0.05). The CECC in group B was significantly higher than that of group A (P=0.020), and CECC in group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P=0.034) at postoperative 1d. At postoperative 1 and 3mo, CECC of groups B and C were significantly higher than that of group A (all P<0.05). In each group, postoperative mean IOP at each time interval was significantly lower than preoperative IOP (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Coaxial microincision phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for PACG with cataract has better curative efficacy in reducing postoperative corneal astigmatism and corneal endothelial cell injury than traditional small incision combined surgery, and the 1.8 mm microincision has better curative efficacy than 2.2 mm microincision in the early postoperative period.     

Expression and role of autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina in a rat model of acute ocular hypertension

AIM: To investigate the expression and possible role of the autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina based on a rat model of acute ocular hypertension.METHODS: Fifty rats were randomized into five groups: control group A, B, C, and D. Groups A to D all received normal saline perfusion into the anterior chamber with pressure of 80 mm Hg for one hour, and retina tissue was obtained at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after perfusion respectively, to investigate the activation of autophagy following ischemiareperfusion. The distribution and semi-quantification of autophagy related protein p62 and LC3 in the retina were detected using immunohistochemistry technique. The expression level of these two proteins was evaluated using Western blot.RESULTS: The number of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) decreased with increasing reperfusion time, and significant reduction in the retinal thickness was observed 48 h after perfusion. In normal adult rats, LC3 protein was mainly expressed in the ganglion cell layer(GCL), and p62 protein was expressed in the nerve fiber layer(NFL), GCL, inner plexiform layer(IPL), inner nuclear layer(INL) and outer plexiform layer(OPL). In comparison to the control group, the expression level of LC3-II was higher in all the experimental groups(P<0.05), with the peak expression at 12 h after reperfusion. Additionally, the expression level of p62 was higher in all the experimental groups than the control(P<0.05, except for group A), with the peak level occurred 24 h after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Both p62 and LC3 show low level and uneven expression in the retina of normal adult rats. Acute ocular hypertension can lead to upregulation of LC3-II and p62 expression in the retina. Autophagy flux is damaged 12 h after reperfusion, potentially resulting in further loss of RGCs.